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Contributing at Layer5

We are beyond excited to see that you want to contribute! We would love to accept your contributions. Layer5 is built by the community and warmly welcomes collaboration. There are many ways in which one could contribute to Layer5 and every contribution is equally appreciated here. Navigate through the following to understand more about contributing here.

⚠️ Cloning this repository ⚠️

Cloning the repo with all its history results in a ~6 GB download. If you don't need the whole history you can use the depth parameter to significantly reduce download size.

git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/layer5io/layer5.git

Before You Get Started

Code of Conduct

Layer5 follows the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) Code of Conduct.

Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be reported by contacting community@layer5.io. Violation of the code of conduct is taken seriously, kindly report any violations of the Code of Conduct by filling in the Incident report. The comfort and safety of Layer5 community members are our priority. Please do well to adhere to the Code of Conduct to participate in the Layer5 community.

For Newcomers

To help you get started on contributing to Layer5 projects, refer to the Layer5 Newcomers Guide, which aims to make contributions easier for new folks like you! See the resources and tutorials to help you get started. Along with this we have an extensive handbook on how this community works , how folks inside the community wear different hats to run it and few of its guidelines, have a look inside the Community Handbook.

Issues & Pull Requests

Creating an Issue

Before creating an Issue i.e for features/bugs/improvements please follow these steps:

  1. Search existing Issues before creating a new Issue (look to see if the Issue has already been created).
  2. If it doesn't exist create a new Issue giving as much context as possible (please take note and select the correct Issue type, for example bug, documentation or feature.
  3. If you wish to work on the Issue once it has been triaged, please include this in your Issue description.

Working on an Issue

Before working on an existing Issue please follow these steps:

  1. Comment asking for the Issue to be assigned to you.
  2. To best position yourself for Issues assignment, we recommend that you:
    1. Confirm that you have read the CONTRIBUTING.md.
    2. Have a functional development environment (have built and are able to run the project).
    3. Convey your intended approach to solving the issue.
    4. Put each of these items in writing in one or more comments.
  3. After the Issue is assigned to you, you can start working on it.
  4. In general, only start working on this Issue (and open a Pull Request) when it has been assigned to you. Doing so will prevent confusion, duplicate work (some of which may go unaccepted given its duplicity), incidental stepping on toes, and the headache involved for maintainers and contributors alike as Issue assignments collide and heads bump together.
  5. Reference the Issue in your Pull Request (for example This PR fixes #123). so that the corresponding Issue is automatically closed upon merge of your Pull Request.

Notes:

  • Check the Assignees box at the top of the page to see if the Issue has been assigned to someone else before requesting this be assigned to you. If the issue has a current Assignee, but appears to be inactive, politely inquire with the current Assignee as to whether they are still working on a solution and/or if you might collaborate with them.
  • Only request to be assigned an Issue if you know how to work on it.
  • If an Issue is unclear, ask questions to get more clarity before asking to have the Issue assigned to you; avoid asking "what do I do next? how do I fix this?" (see the item above this line)
  • An Issue can be assigned to multiple people, if you all agree to collaborate on the Issue (the Pull Request can contain commits from different collaborators)
  • Any Issues that has no activity after 2 weeks will be unassigned and re-assigned to someone else.

Reviewing Pull Requests

We welcome everyone to review Pull Requests. It is a great way to learn, network, and support each other.

DOs

  • Use inline comments to explain your suggestions
  • Use inline suggestions to propose changes
  • Exercise patience and empathy while offering critiques of the works of others.

DON'Ts

  • Do not repeat feedback, this creates more noise than value (check the existing conversation), use GitHub reactions if you agree/disagree with a comment
  • Do not blindly approve Pull Requests to improve your GitHub contributors graph

Style Guide

The Layer5 website is hosted in this repository and is built using Gatsbyjs. Before opening a Pull Request, please review the design doc to learn more about the structure of the website. Once a Pull Request has been submitted, a preview deployment will be built and made available to you and other contributors on your PR to review.

Discussion Forum

Join the discussion forum (the Landscape topic is appropriate for all layer5.io questions) to discuss suggested new features, possible bugs, enhancement in user experience, and any other aspects of the site. The discussion forum is our preferred method of communication, you can, however, also inquire in the #websites channel in the Layer5 Slack workspace.

Contributing to Layer5 Projects

Please follow these steps and note these guidelines to begin contributing:

  1. First step is to set up the local development environment.
  2. Bug fixes are always welcome. Start by reviewing the list of bugs.
  3. A good way to easily start contributing is to pick and work on a good first issue. We try to make these Issues as clear as possible and provide basic info on how the code should be changed, and if something is unclear feel free to ask for more information on the Issue.
  4. We regularly discuss new Issues to work on in our discussion forum and the #websites channel. Feel free to join and discuss any Issue or any idea that you may have.

Contributing to Layer5's Blogs Section

If you'd like to contribute a post to layer5.io/blog, please open an Issue and suggest a topic. If you don't have a topic, then hop into the #blog-kitchen channel, and we'll help you find one.

Things to keep in mind

  1. We use inbuilt components called Call to Action(CTAs), prominently in our MarkDown(.mdx) files. Check out our guide to CTAs.

Adding a Blog Post

  1. In order to contribute a blog post, fork this repository, clone it, create a new branch and navigate to the src/collections/blog directory.
  2. Create a copy of the blog template.
  3. Follow the instructions included in the blog template and name the new file after the title of the blog article.
  4. Entries will be listed in chronological order automatically.

Adding a Resource

  1. In order to contribute a resource, fork this repository, clone it, create a new branch and navigate to the src/collections/resources directory.
  2. Create a copy of the resource template.
  3. Follow the instructions included in the resource template and name the new file after the title of the resource.
  4. Please note that different types of resources like article,tutorial, webinars are organized into separate folders inside the /resource collection. Add your entries in the respective folders.
  5. To qualify any post as a resource, the field resource: true must be added. This applies for /news, /blog, /events as well.
  6. Each resource can be associated with 4 additional fields: type, mesh, technology and product. The current list of values can be found from these options.

Adding News

  1. In order to add/update news items, fork this repository, clone it, create a new branch, and navigate to the src/collections/news directory.
  2. Create a copy of the news template.
  3. Follow the instructions included in the news template and name the new file after the title of the news article.
  4. Entries will be listed in chronological order automatically.

Common Types of Site Contributions

The following list of instructions pertains to commonplace site updates by contributors.

Things to keep in mind

  1. Prioritize using only the theme colors and hexcodes that are already being used in themeStyles.js instead of introducing new color codes to the file.
  2. Avoid adding rel="noreferrer" attribute to internal links on the site. Use gatsby <Link> component for internal links on the site.

Adding dark mode for components

The site currently has dark and light mode, the colors used in these two modes can be found in the dark and light theme objects in themeStyles.js.

These theme objects use a property whose value automatically changes based on the active theme without using a conditional.

An example of a conditional:

theme === "dark" ? "white" : "black"

The preference is to not use conditionals for elements because they will flicker when reloading a page in dark mode.

As currently constructed, the dark and light theme objects share similar property names that have different values.

The property name will tell you how the value (color or hexcode) will change from dark mode to light mode. The first part is for dark mode, then "To", and the next part is for light mode.

example #1: whiteToBlack

"white" is the first part for dark mode "To" "Black" is the second part for light mode

In dark mode the value of whiteToBlack will be white In light mode the value of whiteToBlack will be black

example #2: grey141414ToGreyF5F5F5

In dark mode this value will be #141414 (a dark shade of grey) In light mode this value will be #F5F5F5 (a light shade of grey).

The hexcode in the property name is the indication of the color shade being used in the active theme. Always check the hexcode to confirm it is the desired shade/color.

In a styled component, you can use the property name in the following way:

Examples

example #1: color: ${props => props.theme.whiteToBlack};

example #2: color: ${props => props.theme.greyDEE3DEToGreen3C494F}

Adding a new color pair transition property

It is recommended to use pre-existing styles, colors, hexcodes from the theme. Avoid adding your own CSS variables and incorporating new colors.

If you must add a new property that changes with the theme:

  1. Add a new property with the same name to the dark and light theme objects in themeStyles.js and the corresponding values you want them to have in each mode.

Example:

const lighttheme = {
  blue0000FFToRedFF0000: "#FF0000",

const darktheme = {
  blue0000FFToRedFF0000: "#0000FF",
  1. Use that property name in your styled component
color: ${props => props.theme.blue0000FFToRedFF0000};

Adding the transition property to the element in the styled component

Transition property is not inherited. It must be added for each element that is changing colors and be consistent with the transition timing and style of the background color in GlobalStyle to ensure uniform color change.

Currently this property:value is

transition: 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1);

Preferable SVG and Images

  • SVG or image does not need to change colors depending on the theme

OR

  • SVG or image uses transparent sections that change with the background color to work with either theme.

Example of SVG file with transparent sections

Example of image file with transparent sections

You can see these two examples in action here by toggling the theme (located on the right side of the navigation bar).

The above are the preferred kinds of SVG and images. If your SVG or image fits one of the descriptions above, then you do not need to read further.

Changing SVG according to theme

SVG image formats are the preferred format because of the ability to control colors used to fill path or stroke with styled-components and have them change dependent on the theme without using a conditional.

Importing SVG as a React Component

To use the SVG as an svg element and not a source for an img element, we will import the SVG as a ReactComponent. You can see an example of importing the SVG as a ReactComponent in the code here

import { ReactComponent as Logo } from "../../../assets/images/app/layer5-colorMode.svg";

Then we include the component where you want to display it

<Link to="/" className="logo">
    <Logo />
</Link>

Adding the color change property to the SVG

To change a fill for a SVG depending on the theme, you will need to create a class in the SVG to fill inner paths or rect or polygon with default colors, then assign that SVG class in a styled-component to a property value as done in components.

Example: Layer5 Logo

To see the code for this SVG click here. (note: if link is not working , click here and then click the "<>" button to display the source blob.)

In the SVG code, we see classes declared here:

<defs>
        <style>
            .colorMode1 {
                fill: #fff
            }
          ...
        </style>
</defs>

We use colorMode[#] in the class name to designate classes that we want to change depending on the theme.

Then in the related styled component, we use a specific class generated by styled-components to add the theme property.

In our example with the logo in the navigation, this is the relevant styled component.

Here, if we want to update the CSS of the SVG then we target the appropriate parent class. For this example, looking at the where the SVG React component (<Logo />) was placed, we see className="logo" as the relevant parent class.

<Link to="/" className="logo">
    <Logo />
</Link>

In the styled component, we find ".logo", add the svg element, and within that add the class that is generated by the styled-component plugin, in our example it is .layer5-colorMode_svg__colorMode1.

Note: the styled-component generated class name is based off the file name and the colorMode class name, using the following structure:

svg file name (layer5-colorMode)

  • a separator (_svg___)
  • the class name being targeted inside the SVG (colorMode1)

    this results in the class .layer5-colorMode_svg__colorMode1

 .logo {
    margin-top: 8px;

    svg {
      width: 155px;
      .layer5-colorMode_svg__colorMode1 {
        fill: ${props => props.theme.whiteToGreen3C494F};
        transition: fill 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1);
      }
    }
  }

Notes:

  • You can add presentation css attributes to svg similar to how you would add to an img.
  • You can find the generated class name when you inspect the element in the browser console and look at the styles section of the svg code.
  • Even though we have a default fill property in the SVG itself (just in case), the fill property in the styled component will override it.
  • Whenever we are changing colors in a SVG, be sure to add the transition timing and style that is used for the background color in GlobalStyle to have everything smoothly transition. Currently this property: value is
 transition: 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.8, 0.2, 1);

Changing images depending on the theme.

If possible we wish to avoid using images dependent on the theme because we are required to use a conditional (which will cause a flicker of the image when the page is reloaded). If necessary, please use the following instructions.

  1. To change images or SVG as the image source, according to the theme, you have to import the hook useStyledDarkMode from the following folder, and then use the isDark value from useStyledDarkMode hook for the conditional.

For example, you can view the code for this file.

Here are the relevant parts of the code:

import { useStyledDarkMode } from "../../../theme/app/useStyledDarkMode";

const { isDark } = useStyledDarkMode();

 <img className="canvas" src={isDark ? EmptyDark : EmptyLight} alt="" />

Changing images in gatsby-image-plugin according to the theme.

Procedure of changing the image for the gatsby-image is the same as we change for images, however, it is recommended to fetch two images, one for a dark theme and one for a light theme change it according to the isDark value as done with images.

Example (For Thumbnail): Fetching images through Graphql. Add this in graphql query in frontmatter

  darkthumbnail {
  childImageSharp {
    gatsbyImageData(layout: FULL_WIDTH)
  }
  extension
  publicURL
}

Change image according to isDark value:

<Image
      {...((isDark && frontmatter.darkthumbnail.publicURL !== frontmatter.thumbnail.publicURL)
        ? frontmatter.darkthumbnail : frontmatter.thumbnail)}
      imgStyle={{ objectFit: "contain" }}
      alt={frontmatter.title}
    />

Note:

  • A condition frontmatter.darkthumbnail.publicURL !== frontmatter.thumbnail.publicURL is added so that the image only changes if there is a difference between the thumbnail publicURLs.

Adding Images and Icons

  1. It is recommended to use @react-icons/all-files instead of react-icons for importing icons. The Issue with react-icons is that even though we are importing a single icon from the package/folder it still imports the complete icon folder which is creating unwanted junks of JS in the build.
  2. It is recommended to use Gatsby's <StaticImage> instead of <img> tag to display static images on the site except for SVG images. This performs automatic image optimization, thereby improving site performance.
  3. Avoid creating duplicate copies of the same image under different folders. All images must be imported from /assets/images folder.

Site Performance Considerations

  1. Analyze page load metrics of mobile version in lighthouse report (see status of GitHub workflow on your open PR).
  2. While creating a new page make sure to use Gatsby Head API for SEO.
  3. Prefer using loading="eager" for Hero images to improve LCP(Largest Contentful Paint) and FCP(First Contentful Paint).
  4. Optimise page by deferring loading of third party scripts. You can use off-main-thread in Script API.
  5. Prefer Code Splitting using loadable to lazy load heavy components which are not in the viewport.

Note:- You can also refer to Improving Site Performance, web.dev.

Updating/Creating a Community Member Profile

Layer5 community members are an integral part of what makes Layer5 and its projects successful. Prominently highlighting our members and their works is something that we think is important. To initiate adding a new or updating an existing community member profile, be sure to use the community member issue template. When creating or updating a community member profile, use the profile template. You can easily understand how the template is used by reviewing other profiles.

Badges for Community Members

Badges are a great way of highlighting the area of contribution by any given community member. A variety of badges exist so that community members and their efforts may be affiliated with a particular project or with a community initiative. An example of how a badge is assigned using markdown can be found here, and it will appear this way on a member profile.

Possible Badges:

  • Community
  • Docker Extension
  • Docs
  • Meshery Catalog
  • MeshMap
  • Landscape
  • ImageHub
  • Meshery
  • Meshery Operator
  • SMP
  • Nighthawk
  • Patterns
  • UI/UX Design
  • Writer Program

Updating the Service Mesh Landscape

Another common site update includes the updation of the Service Mesh Landscape. The service mesh landscape is powered by Gatsby.js. To update the landscape, fork this repository, clone it, create a branch and navigate to the src/collections/landscape folder.

Make sure to open a new issue first. Following is a list of files that you may edit and make the necessary updates (if appropriate):

Entries should be listed in alphabetical order. Data provided to the smi.js is dynamic and based upon results from conformance tests run using Meshery.

To update the Service Mesh Timeline, add the new service mesh in the non-functional.js file. Add an announce-date key for the service mesh, then add a timeline-order key having a value 1+maximum value of timeline-order till now, to list the service mesh in the timeline correctly.

How to Contribute

Prerequisites

Make sure you have the following prerequisites installed on your operating system before you start contributing:

Note: If you're on a Windows environment then it is highly recommended that you install Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) both for performance and ease of use. Refer to the documentation for the installation of Gatsby.js on WSL.

Set up your Local Development Environment

Follow the following instructions to start contributing.

1. Fork this repository.

2. Clone your forked copy of the project.

git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/<your-username>/layer5.git

3. Navigate to the project directory.

cd layer5

4. Add a reference(remote) to the original repository.

git remote add upstream https://github.com/layer5io/layer5.git

5. Check the remotes for this repository.

git remote -v

6. Always take a pull from the upstream repository to your master branch to keep it at par with the main project (updated repository).

git pull upstream master

7. Create a new branch.

git checkout -b <your_branch_name>

8. Install the dependencies for running the site.

make setup

9. Make the desired changes.

10. Run the site locally to preview changes.

make site

This will run a local webserver with "live reload" conveniently enabled. ( NOTE: while using the make command on Windows, there sometimes arises an error in identifying the command even after it is installed (unrecognized command), this is because the PATH for the binary might not be set correctly ).

11. Track your changes.

git add .

12. Commit your changes. To contribute to this project, you must agree to the Developer Certificate of Origin (DCO) for each commit you make.

git commit --signoff -m "<commit subject>"

or you could go with the shorter format for the same, as shown below.

git commit -s -m "<commit subject>"

13. While you are working on your branch, other developers may update the master branch with their branch. This action means your branch is now out of date with the master branch and missing content. So to fetch the new changes, follow along:

git checkout master
git fetch origin master
git merge upstream/master
git push origin

Now you need to merge the master branch into your branch. This can be done in the following way:

git checkout <your_branch_name>
git merge master

14. Push the committed changes in your feature branch to your remote repo.

git push -u origin <your_branch_name>

15. Once you’ve committed and pushed all of your changes to GitHub, go to the page for your fork on GitHub, select your development branch, and click the pull request button. Please ensure that you compare your feature branch to the desired branch of the repo you are supposed to make a PR to. If you need to make any adjustments to your pull request, just push the updates to GitHub. Your pull request will automatically track the changes in your development branch and update it.

Signing-off on Commits

To contribute to this project, you must agree to the Developer Certificate of Origin (DCO) for each commit you make. The DCO is a simple statement that you, as a contributor, have the legal right to make the contribution.

See the DCO file for the full text of what you must agree to and how it works here. To signify that you agree to the DCO for contributions, you simply add a line to each of your git commit messages:

Signed-off-by: Jane Smith <jane.smith@example.com>

Note: you don't have to manually include this line on your commits, git does that for you as shown below:

$ git commit -s -m “my commit message w/signoff”

In most cases, git automatically adds the signoff to your commit with the use of -s or --signoff flag to git commit. You must use your real name and a reachable email address (sorry, no pseudonyms or anonymous contributions).

To ensure all your commits are signed, you may choose to add this alias to your global .gitconfig:

~/.gitconfig

[alias]
  amend = commit -s --amend
  cm = commit -s -m
  commit = commit -s

Or you may configure your IDE, for example, Visual Studio Code to automatically sign-off commits for you:

FYI regarding the dev environment

Dev and Browser Warnings You May Encounter

Note:

  • These are non-blocking warnings you can expect to see in your terminal or browser while working in local development environment.
  • They do not impact the performance of the code and are unrelated to your contributions.
  • These will not show in build or production mode.
  • These are being documented to minimize confusion for the user while doing development.

warn ./node_modules/react-accessible-accordion/dist/es/index.js Attempted import error: 'useId' is not exported from 'react' (imported as 'useId').

and

client.js:196 export 'useId' (imported as 'useId') was not found in 'react' (possible exports: Children, Component, Fragment, Profiler, PureComponent, StrictMode, Suspense, __SECRET_INTERNALS_DO_NOT_USE_OR_YOU_WILL_BE_FIRED, cloneElement, createContext, createElement, createFactory, createRef, forwardRef, isValidElement, lazy, memo, useCallback, useContext, useDebugValue, useEffect, useImperativeHandle, useLayoutEffect, useMemo, useReducer, useRef, useState, version)

Where/When:

Reason: springload/react-accessible-accordion#351

V5 is a release we cut explicitly for React 18 support (Hence the major upgrade, this was a breaking change, the webpack fix would not work as we are using React 18 new APIs), we are sticking with V4 for React 17 and under compatibility, using V4 has no functional difference outside of React version compatibility.

Layer5 currently using: "react-accessible-accordion": "^5.0.0" react": "^17.0.2"

To clear the warning: Upgrade the reactpackage to ^18. However upgrading may introduce too many breaking changes and complexity.

Warning: Each child in a list should have a unique "key" prop. Check the top-level render call using . See https://reactjs.org/link/warning-keys for more information. at title

Where/When:

  • In terminal: after npm start and loading page

Reason: In this version of Gatsby (4.20), the file: node_modules/gatsby/cache-dir/head/head-export-handler-for-ssr.js is missing code to assign key prop to each head tag included in the SEO component.

To clear the warning: This could be resolved by adding code to the package, but requires too much complexity to include for each user. This warning is cleared in later versions of Gatsby.