Consolidate the query execution REST API endpoints

[camsaul]

We have way to many different endpoints for running queries, the problem is every time we want to change one thing we have to change like 6 or 12 endpoints instead of just one. Example: PR #41668, made more difficult because we have so many endpoints that need to change

See my tech design doc for more information https://www.notion.so/metabase/Query-Processor-API-Simplification-480e2c46dcf94232b3ece5b9b89449c4