kube-monkey

kube-monkey is an implementation of Netflix's Chaos Monkey for Kubernetes clusters. It randomly deletes Kubernetes pods in the cluster encouraging and validating the development of failure-resilient services.

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kube-monkey runs at a pre-configured hour (run_hour, defaults to 8am) on weekdays, and builds a schedule of deployments that will face a random Pod death sometime during the same day. The time-range during the day when the random pod Death might occur is configurable and defaults to 10am to 4pm.

kube-monkey can be configured with a list of namespaces to blacklist - any deployments within a blacklisted namespace will not be touched.

Opting-In to Chaos

kube-monkey works on an opt-in model and will only schedule terminations for Deployments that have explicitly agreed to have their pods terminated by kube-monkey.

Opt-in is done by setting the following labels on a Kubernetes Deployment:

kube-monkey/enabled: Set to "enabled" to opt-in to kube-monkey
kube-monkey/mtbf: Mean time between failure (in days). For example, if set to "3", the Deployment can expect to have a Pod killed approximately every third weekday.
kube-monkey/identifier: A unique identifier for the deployment (eg. the deployment's name). This is used to identify the pods that belong to a Deployment as Pods inherit labels from their Deployment.
kube-monkey/kill-all: Set this label's value to "kill-all" if you want kube-monkey to kill ALL of your pods. Default behavior in the absence of this label is to kill only ONE pod. Use this label carefully.

Example of opted-in Deployment

---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: monkey-victim
  namespace: app-namespace
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        kube-monkey/enabled: enabled
        kube-monkey/identifier: monkey-victim
        kube-monkey/mtbf: '2'
[... omitted ...]

How kube-monkey works

Scheduling time

Scheduling happens once a day on Weekdays - this is when a schedule for terminations for the current day is generated.
During scheduling, kube-monkey will:

1. Generate a list of eligible deployments (deployments that have opted-in and are not blacklisted)
2. For each eligible deployment, flip a biased coin (bias determined by kube-monkey/mtbf) to determine if a pod for that deployment should be killed today
3. For each victim, calculate a random time when a pod will be killed

Termination time

This is the randomly generated time during the day when a victim Deployment will have a pod killed.
At termination time, kube-monkey will:

1. Check if the deployment is still eligible (has not opted-out or been blacklisted since scheduling)
2. Get a list of running pods for the deployment
3. Select one random pod and delete it

Building

Clone the repository and build the container.

$ go get github.com/ricjcosme/kube-monkey
$ cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/ricjcosme/kube-monkey
$ make container

Configuring

kube-monkey is configured by a toml file placed at /etc/kube-monkey/config.toml.
Configuration keys and descriptions can be found in config/param/param.go

Example config file

[kubemonkey]
dry_run = true                           # Terminations are only logged
run_hour = 8                             # Run scheduling at 8am on weekdays
start_hour = 10                          # Don't schedule any pod deaths before 10am
end_hour = 16                            # Don't schedule any pod deaths after 4pm
blacklisted_namespaces = ["kube-system"] # Critical deployments live here

Deploying

Run kube-monkey as a Deployment within the Kubernetes cluster, in a namespace that has permissions to kill Pods in other namespaces (eg. kube-system).

See dir examples/ for example Kubernetes yaml files.

Compatibility with Kubernetes

kube-monkey is built using v1.5 of kubernetes/client-go. Refer to the Compatibility Matrix to see which versions of Kubernetes are compatible.

To do

• Add tests
• Use a logging library like glog